[EURO-Discuss] Trip to Caucasus

Thu May 23 21:56:18 UTC 2013

Dear Roberto, greetings and thanks a lot for sharing these extremely
valuable reflections!

I wanted to catch up and build on a bit on few points/observations that
you've made based on Armenian experience:

*Mobile communications* are indeed taking over and this is a promising
tool. In Moldova we have 100+ mobile penetration rate, and this is emerging
in several developing countries. During the MAG meeting this week in Geneva
we tacked a bit on the 'mobile governance' concept - smth that has been
brought up as a proposal for the IGF in Bali. So, it is worth looking at
ways to support countries in our region undestand how they can use the
mobile for several other purposes than simple communication.

Moldova, joined recently the Mobile ID initiative, and we are one of the 7
or 8 countries in the world who have that.

Providing/sharing on diverse use of mobile, including on ways to engaging
citizens in decision-making processes, mobile apps for 'voting' on local
decision-making, etc. is very timely.

It is also due to the recently launched international platform (18 months
ago), Open Government Partnership, OGP, with 57 Governments opting-in.
Armenia, Azerbajan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine have also opted in. And
with this, Governments commited, among others, to harness the potential of
the ICTs to bring citizens closer to the government and governance
processes and vice versa. I am on the Open Government Partnership Steering
Committee and can get back with more details if needed.

It might be relevant for ALAC to start getting 'out' of its 'space' and
start partnering with these existent initiatives that promote ICTs/new
technolgies and share about them to ALSs, users, communities of
practitioners, etc ...

*And I want to conclude on this note*:

•       The results of the analyses suggest that the more time individuals
spend on the Internet, the lower their degree of trust in government and
lower level of citizen compliance. Tobin Im, Wonhyuk Cho, Greg
Porumbescu and Jungho Park, 2010

•       However, same results also suggest that such negative effects of
the Internet can be moderated through citizens’ increased use of
e-government.

For an effective e-government, and not ony, Governments need to embrace the
multistakeholder principles, have enhanced cooperation with key
stakeholders: citizens/users, business sector, civil society, media, etc.
No matter what technologies are bring brougth in, how many gTLDs are out
there, or what is the speed of the internet in the country, if there is no
an integrated approach to development, where the human dimension is at the
core of everything, then we may be missing a lot ... and  here is where
ALAC, ALSs, users can starting reflecting on ...

With reflections on Roberto's reflections, from Geneva:), Veronica

On Thu, May 23, 2013 at 9:41 PM, Roberto Gaetano <
roberto_gaetano at hotmail.com> wrote:

> Hi all.
>
> I took the chance of a non-ICANN-related trip to Caucasus to contact the
> internet people, and specifically the At-Large structures, in the region.
>
> I was not on any official ICANN mission, but believe that it is worth
> anyway
> to write a short report of my contacts and personal considerations.
>
> I am addressing this to different mailing lists with separate messages, to
> avoid cross-posting.
>
> As reference to earlier discussions, you can see that the issue of ICANN
> regions has been extensively debated. Follow up contacts have shown that
> the
> ccNSO is also not happy about the current subdivision. As for the ASO,
> because of their special internal structure, they are affected by the
> regions only when it comes to Board Directors election.
>
>
>
> I had a very interesting meeting in Armenia, hosted by ISOC AM, with the
> Armenian ALSes.
>
> The main points that came out from the discussion were (to the best of my
> recollection):
>
> .         The fact that the development of the internet in Armenia is
> consistently more advanced than in some neighboring countries (for
> instance,
> there are 3 ALSes) depends on a mix of elements, including the presence in
> Armenia of highly skilled ITC professionals as well as the vision that has
> identified since the early days the potential of the internet. This
> experience will be very difficult to replicate in other countries, at least
> in the short term.
>
> .         Thanks to the early vision, Armenia has developed the
> "multi-stakeholder" concept also in the management of the internet at the
> national level. The ccTLD operator, the ISPs, the At-Large structures,
> commercial organizations, the government, are tightly collaborating, and
> there is also the initiative of a permanent IGF forum in Armenia. This has
> allowed to have very advanced positions in international fora, where all
> stakeholders are contributing, and we do not have the situation that can be
> seen in other countries, where the government is imposing its view.
>
> .         Looking at the map of the world, and the location of the ALSes,
> it
> appears clearly that there is a wide area, namely the former Soviet Union
> states in central Asia, where there is no ALAC presence. This is felt to be
> tightly correlated with the fact that the position that these countries
> bring in the international debate are only depending on government
> opinions.
> In order to promote ICANN's multi-stakeholder approach, ALAC should make an
> outreach effort to these countries with the objective of gaining members.
> The general opinion is that this will be a difficult objective to achieve,
> but nevertheless it is strategically important.
>
> .         The current location of Armenia in APRALO is creating serious
> problems. It should be noted that the Armenian ccTLD operator is a member
> of
> CENTR (the European ccTLD operators organization), ISPs are getting their
> addresses from RIPE (the European Regional addressing organization), but
> the
> Armenian ALSes are forced to be associated to APRALO. Considering the point
> above, i.e. the Armenian multi-stakeholder model that brings together
> different interests to cooperate at the national level, we have the strange
> situation that national domain names and IP addresses depend from Europe,
> while At-Large structures depend from a different region. Moreover, there
> are at the At-Large level cooperation projects ongoing that are coordinated
> by the European Union, and the location of Armenia in the AP ICANN region
> does make little sense, if any. For instance, if EURALO develops itself as
> the partner of the European Union for such European projects, it would be
> extremely impractical to have participating ALSes being in a different
> region. Further considerations have been the location of Armenia in Europe
> in a number of different international organizations.
>
> .         Armenia, being part of the former Soviet Union, has kept a
> network
> of contacts at the technical level with other operators that are part of
> the
> Community of Independent States (CIS). One example is also the Regional
> Commonwealth in the field of communications (RCC -
> http://www.en.rcc.org.ru/index.php). This network is also important in the
> discussions related to internet governance and for the decisions in the
> ITU.
>
> .         One question was raised, about what can ALAC do for the users.
> This is a key issue, because it is hard to motivate individuals and
> organizations to join ALAC if the only thing that they get is the
> opportunity to participate in policy development. Budget should be
> earmarked
> for initiatives that are useful for the internet users, like training.
>
> To this, I would like to add some personal considerations on the
> development
> of ICT, and specifically Internet, in Armenia.
>
> I have travelled extensively, in cities and in rural areas, and have been
> staying only once overnight in a place without internet connection, and
> only
> once in a place that had internet connection but not WiFi. Please note that
> I have never stayed in fancy hotels, but rather in hostels or guesthouses,
> always in inexpensive places. This gave me the feeling of the ubiquity of
> the internet in Armenia.
>
> Besides internet, I witnessed the diffusion of mobile communications. It
> seems to me that everybody has a mobile phone. I have seen not only bus
> drivers talking on their mobiles (a plague that I see very often in my
> country), but also shepherds in the countryside with mobile phones.
> Considering that the next frontier of the internet is mobile devices, this
> is promising.
>
> Unfortunately, I failed to ask confirmation at the meeting with ALSes, but
> my impression is that Armenia took advantage of the progress in technology
> in the years of their independence, and moved straight to new technologies,
> when telcos in Europe and US (for sure this was the situation in Italy 20
> years ago) were resisting change in order to protect and further exploit
> their investments in previous technologies.
>
> Another simple example of how the internet is affecting common behavior is
> the police. This is the only country where I have seen police cars
> displaying instead of the simple "Police" word in the local language the
> url
> of the police web site: www.police.am. It might be the case in other
> countries as well, but I have noticed it here for the first time.
>
>
>
> Best regards,
>
> Roberto
>
>
>
>
>
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>
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>

-- 
*Veronica Cretu *
*President, "CMB" Training Center,
**Republic of Moldova - www.cmb.md *

*Member of the Multistakeholder Advisory Group*
*To the Internet Governance Forum (IGF)*
*http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/*

*Member of the Nominating Committee of ICANN*
*(Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbering)*
*www.icann.org*

*Email: veronicacretu at gmail.com and/or veronica at cretu.md
Skype: veronicacretu
Phone: 373 067435000*